{"id":5502,"date":"2023-11-30T05:49:35","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T05:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=5502"},"modified":"2023-11-30T01:47:34","modified_gmt":"2023-11-30T01:47:34","slug":"6-loi-ich-cua-san-xuat-tinh-gon-lean-manufacturing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/6-loi-ich-cua-san-xuat-tinh-gon-lean-manufacturing.html","title":{"rendered":"6 L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Tinh g\u1ecdn Lean Manufacturing"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (Lean Manufacturing) l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hao ph\u00ed, t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian giao h\u00e0ng. V\u1eady nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\n

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Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed3n kho<\/strong><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (lean manufacturing) s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed3n kho c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi mua \u00edt h\u01a1n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4, doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd chi tr\u1ea3 \u00edt ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 kho, \u00edt nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn s\u1ebd mua nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean hao ph\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed3n kho.<\/p>\n

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Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hao ph\u00ed trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (Lean Manufacturing) t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hao ph\u00ed d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eeba, h\u00e0ng t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd. D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng di chuy\u1ec3n th\u1eeba gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tinh g\u1ecdn gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c n\u00fat th\u1eaft g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

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C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Lean, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft\/ linh ki\u1ec7n ngay khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh thay v\u00ec ch\u1edd chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eebng l\u00f4. D\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gi\u00fap gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t trong quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed qua \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ebft (gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi-ng\u01b0\u1eddi; gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi-m\u00e1y m\u00f3c), gi\u1ea3m di chuy\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c th\u1eeba trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, t\u01b0 duy r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n (Quality at source!).<\/p>\n

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R\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Nh\u1edd h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u00f3a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 t\u1ea1o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng gia t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed do s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (set-up time) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau (change-over time).<\/p>\n

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T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (level loading) m\u1ed7i khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u1ea1n theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o. Khi th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (lead time) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian chu tr\u00ecnh (cycle time) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Theo \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Berkeley \u1edf California cho bi\u1ebft, khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao quy\u1ec1n tham gia v\u00e0o c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn trong h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu tinh th\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng cao v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9. Gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 doanh thu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh g\u1ecdn (Lean Manufacturing) l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Toyota. Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hao ph\u00ed, t\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,230],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5502"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5502"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5502\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5502"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5502"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5502"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}