{"id":6213,"date":"2023-11-29T19:42:33","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T19:42:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=6213"},"modified":"2023-12-21T13:17:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T06:17:50","slug":"rui-ro-du-va-cac-loai-hinh-rui-ro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/rui-ro-du-va-cac-loai-hinh-rui-ro.html","title":{"rendered":"R\u1ee7i ro d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh r\u1ee7i ro"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>R\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3bn xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro s\u01a1 s\u00e0i, chi\u1ebfu l\u1ec7 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 v\u1ed1n do chi ph\u00ed t\u0103ng cao. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro (risk category) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 t\u00ecm \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/em><\/p>\n<h3 id=\"_1-thieu-nhan-luc-duoc-huan-luyen-ve-ky-thuat-0\">1. Thi\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y ngay t\u1eeb khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00e1ch quan kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ngay t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li>D\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m cho nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung<\/li>\n<li>L\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ri\u00eang cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tay ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_2-rui-ro-den-tu-khach-hang-1\">2. R\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n<p>R\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ph\u00eda kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n do cu\u1ed1n theo c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i tung.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00f3 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1eef k\u00fd b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 khi nh\u1eadn d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3o kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 nguy c\u01a1 ch\u1eadm ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (ch\u1eef k\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng li\u00ean quan) n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u00e0m ph\u00e1n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u00f9 lao t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u00e0i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_3-yeu-cau-khong-ro-rang-2\">3. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tham kh\u1ea3o, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m theo m\u1eabu c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1eabu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (prototype), \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 g\u1eedi t\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_4-nhan-su-roi-du-an-3\">4. Nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 r\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean (ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, teamwork<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng xoay v\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea3ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nhau<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 t\u1eeb 1,2 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 back up k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_5-nhieu-quyet-dinh-tu-ben-ngoai-tac-dong-len-du-an-4\">5. Nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/h3>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ch quan (lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, quy ch\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ty&#8230;) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c l\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan.<\/li>\n<li>B\u00e0n b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ee7i ro b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_6-hieu-suat-khong-dam-bao-5\">6. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng review l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1eabu cho c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1eabu n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"_7-loai-rui-ro-schedule-6\">7. Lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro: Schedule<\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1ecb x\u00f3t t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec r\u1ee7i ro c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1ee7i ro ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a r\u1ee7i ro.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee9 t\u1eadp trung h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft, n\u1ebfu r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o r\u1ee7i ro ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u1ee7i ro l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3bn xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh, v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250,194],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6213"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6213"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6213\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}