{"id":6596,"date":"2023-11-29T07:21:54","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T07:21:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/?p=6596"},"modified":"2023-12-21T13:19:10","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T06:19:10","slug":"nhung-yeu-dong-gop-va-thach-thuc-khi-thuc-hanh-kaizen-trong-cac-doanh-nghiep-vua-va-nho-o-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/nhung-yeu-dong-gop-va-thach-thuc-khi-thuc-hanh-kaizen-trong-cac-doanh-nghiep-vua-va-nho-o-viet-nam.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen trong c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Kaizen v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 trao quy\u1ec1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu (resistance to change) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean do c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch khen th\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><strong>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Kaizen<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn (\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y) v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c Kaizen. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Hiam (2003) nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gi\u1eefa l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. <strong>V\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng. V\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bc\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf doanh nghi\u1ec7p (W Gast et al, 2007). Do \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quen v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nhanh h\u01a1n<\/strong>. Chen v\u00e0 Tjosvold (2006) nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n doanh thu c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen l\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t. L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c Kaizen trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Imai, 1986). Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c Kaizen v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo chu tr\u00ecnh Deming ( Plan-Do Check-Action (PDCA)), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Kaizen r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201cnh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d Kaizen (Kaizen Champion) trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u201cNh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d Kaizen c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c cao v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Bateman, 2003). Ngo\u00e0i ra, giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tri \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cnh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d Kaizen c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Kaizen (Nonaka &amp; Takeuchi, 1995; Pagell, 2004). Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cnh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d Kaizen ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng (Hill, 1991). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch Kaizen nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch Kaizen c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y. Theo Bateman (2003), s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch Kaizen c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<p>C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ngang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi m\u1edf cao c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quan li\u00eau (Watanabe, 2011). Theo Garcia-Sabater v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2011), s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, s\u1ef1 tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 (nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00e9o) l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen (Marin-Garcia v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2008). C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c trao quy\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai Kaizen (Bessant, 2000; Womack v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2007; Liker &amp; Hoseus, 2008). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c trao quy\u1ec1n cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd tham gia t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00fap th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf. Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Puvansvaran v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2010) v\u1ec1 SME cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Kaizen. T\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d (I can do it) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Chapman v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (1999) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn \u1edf \u00dac \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, trong khi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Kaizen.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c Kaizen<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen t\u1ea1i doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 v\u00ec qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Kaizen kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng (Pullin, 2005). Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Garcia-Sabater v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2011) \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Kaizen nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i\u201d, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c&#8230; Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Bateman v\u00e0 Rich (2003), Bessant v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (1994), Dale v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (1997), Jorgensen v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2003) v\u00e0 Kaye v\u00e0 Anderson (1999).<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 11% c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng (Mendelbaum, 2006). M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Kaizen do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t (Robinson &amp; Schroeder, 2004). L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khen th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng (Imai, 1986). Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Kaizen trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng n\u00ean th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c khi c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi (Hiam, 2003).<\/p>\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Kaizen l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (Kiernan, 1996; Pullin, 2005). B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh doanh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nhu c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai Kaizen. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao c\u1ee7a Kaizen v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i (Bateman v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2003). Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi Dora (2012) v\u1ec1 DNVVN ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m cho th\u1ea5y thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c, thi\u1ebfu ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia \u00edt \u1ecfi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n m\u00e0 DNVVN ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Kaizen v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, nhu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[220,189],"tags":[275],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6596"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6596"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6596\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6596"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6596"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6596"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}