{"id":69916,"date":"2024-01-29T08:00:34","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T01:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-loai-rui-ro-risk-categories.html"},"modified":"2024-01-29T08:00:34","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T01:00:34","slug":"phan-loai-rui-ro-risk-categories","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/phan-loai-rui-ro-risk-categories.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro &#8211; Risk categories"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"article-body article-toc\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color:#000066\"><span style=\"font-size:18px\"><u><strong>R\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>R\u1ee7i ro b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (external):\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, lu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7; d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng; v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>R\u1ee7i ro n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (internal):\u00a0<\/strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch; thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea1m vi; th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m; c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>R\u1ee7i ro k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (technical):\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>R\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (commercial):\u00a0<\/strong>S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n trong h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p,&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>C\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:\u00a0<\/strong>Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf r\u1ee7i ro (kho\u1ea3ng 10%) l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color:#000066\"><span style=\"font-size:18px\"><u><strong>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 300 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ee7i ro ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro do:<\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a Project Manager v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">V\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">&#8230;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color:#000066\"><u><span style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn:<\/strong><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9:\u00a0<\/strong>v\u1eadt t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao s\u1edbm h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c XYZ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3\/Chi ph\u00ed:\u00a0<\/strong>v\u1eadt t\u01b0 t\u1edbi tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:\u00a0<\/strong>B\u00ea t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1edbm h\u01a1n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ph\u1ea1m vi:\u00a0<\/strong>Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam c\u00e1c g\u00f3i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00eam chi ph\u00ed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean:\u00a0<\/strong>Designer c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u sang m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>S\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd\u00a0kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi giao ph\u1ea9m XYZ, khi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i giao ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng \u00edt l\u00ean.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color:#000066\"><u><span style=\"font-size:18px\"><strong>R\u1ee7i ro c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Business risk<\/strong>:\u00a0r\u1ee7i ro d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e3i ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Pure (insurable) risk (thu\u1ea7n r\u1ee7i ro)<\/strong>:\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n,&#8230;).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color:#000066\"><u><strong><\/strong><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Variability risk (bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean):<\/strong>\u00a0r\u1ee7i ro do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.\u00a0N\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft tr\u00e1i m\u00f9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch Monte Carlo, cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\"><strong>Ambiguity risk (m\u01a1 h\u1ed3):<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, hi\u1ec3u m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Khi m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, bao g\u1ed3m: y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh &#8211; lu\u1eadt ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm r\u00f5, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia ho\u1eb7c thu th\u1eadp nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n. Ambiguity risk c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu (prototype), gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp,&#8230; v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng tin h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: right\"><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><u><strong><\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Quy tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd r\u1ee7i ro<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">T\u1ea1o C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c (Create WBS) kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 (Decomposition) trong PMP\u00ae?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"font-size:14px\">Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u1ef1 Nghi\u1ec7p Cho Nh\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00c1n Chuy\u00ean Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size:14px\">M\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecf s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. C\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c\u00a0t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0\u00a0c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[250],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69916"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69916"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69916\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69916"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69916"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69916"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}