{"id":8331,"date":"2023-11-29T14:50:52","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T14:50:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/he-so-su-dung-dat-floor-area-ratio-far-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-21T14:19:29","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T07:19:29","slug":"he-so-su-dung-dat-floor-area-ratio-far-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/he-so-su-dung-dat-floor-area-ratio-far-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (Floor Area Ratio – FAR) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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(H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda: kda.nyc)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Floor area ratio<\/b>, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 FAR<\/b>.<\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR)<\/b> l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3) v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch: chia t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 cho t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR):<\/p>\n

FAR = T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \/ T\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/font><\/h3>\n

H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR) t\u00ednh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. Kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xe, c\u1ea7u thang v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c thang m\u00e1y.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb FAR. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an to\u00e0n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. N\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng an to\u00e0n (safe load factor).\u00a0<\/p>\n

FAR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gian n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, d\u00e2n c\u01b0, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 phi n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng an to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 FAR kh\u00e1c nhau. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh FAR c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c hay kh\u00f4ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

FAR l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o. FAR th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n chung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt trong FAR \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. FAR t\u0103ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1 \u00e1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd d\u1eabn d\u1ebfn doanh s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau cho m\u1ed7i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR)<\/font><\/h3>\n

FAR c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 1.000 m2 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng 4.000 m2 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 0,25 (1.000\/4.000). M\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 hai t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng r\u1ed9ng 500 m2, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb FAR v\u1edbi t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng kia.\u00a0<\/p>\n

X\u00e9t theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 FAR l\u00e0 2,0 v\u00e0 1.000 m2. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n l\u00ean t\u1edbi 2.000 m2, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 1.000 m2 v\u1edbi hai t\u1ea7ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

Trong khi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (FAR) t\u00ednh to\u00e1n t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 so v\u1edbi l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00ec ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t (lot coverage) c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ea1m vi bao ph\u1ee7 l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xe, b\u1ec3 b\u01a1i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 kho, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo chu\u1ea9n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a FAR l\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, FAR t\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t khu chung c\u01b0 c\u0103n h\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n thu\u00ea nh\u00e0 h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u00ea h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t khu chung c\u01b0 c\u0103n h\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00e1n cao do view \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00ec gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ch\u1eafn t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn.\u00a0<\/p>\n

(Theo Investopedia<\/i>)<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Floor Area Ratio, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft: FAR) l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3) v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[420],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8331"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8331"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8331\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}