{"id":8474,"date":"2023-11-30T01:22:21","date_gmt":"2023-11-30T01:22:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/moi-truong-truyen-thong-media-environment-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-21T14:27:29","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T07:27:29","slug":"moi-truong-truyen-thong-media-environment-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/moi-truong-truyen-thong-media-environment-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (Media environment) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh ho\u1ea1 (Ngu\u1ed3n: slideshare)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng\u00a0<\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng<\/b> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Media environment<\/b>.<\/p>\n

Mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng<\/b> la\u0300 t\u1ea1\u0302p h\u01a1\u0323p t\u00e2\u0301t ca\u0309 nh\u01b0\u0303ng y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 xung quanh con ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i; co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 no\u0301i, bao g\u00f4\u0300m hai loa\u0323i y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 chi\u0301nh: ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng t\u01b0\u0323 nhie\u0302n, ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 thu\u1ecd\u0302c mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 thu\u1ecd\u0302c hai loa\u0323i na\u0300y co\u0301 m\u00f4\u0301i quan h\u1eb9\u0302 v\u01a1\u0301i nhau trong \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u1eb9\u0302n cu\u0323 th\u00ea\u0309 ma\u0300 qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng di\u00ea\u0303n ra. Nga\u0300y nay, y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 n\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0309ng, chi ph\u00f4\u0301i mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng la\u0300 k\u0129 thu\u1ea1\u0302t va\u0300 co\u0302ng ngh\u1eb9\u0302 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/font><\/h3>\n

– Ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 cu\u0309a mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng t\u01b0\u0323 nhie\u0302n<\/b> ba\u0309o \u0111a\u0309m cho tho\u0302ng \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302p \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c truy\u00ea\u0300n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng m\u1ecd\u0302t ca\u0301ch \u0111\u00e2\u0300y \u0111u\u0309 va\u0300 tro\u0323n ve\u0323n. \u0110o\u0301 la\u0300 ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 nhu\u031b \u0111i\u0323a hi\u0300nh, quang ca\u0309nh, mu\u031ba, gio\u0301, mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng xung quanh,… co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 a\u0309nh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n phu\u031bo\u031bng ti\u1eb9\u0302n k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t truy\u00ea\u0300n d\u00e2\u0303n, co\u0301 ta\u0301c \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p hay gia\u0301n ti\u00ea\u0301p \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u0323a hi\u0300nh co\u0301 nhi\u00ea\u0300u nu\u0301i cao co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 nga\u0306n ca\u0309n so\u0301ng pha\u0301t thanh, truy\u00ea\u0300n hi\u0300nh. Th\u01a1\u0300i ti\u00ea\u0301t x\u00e2\u0301u co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 a\u0309nh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng so\u0301ng pha\u0301t thanh, ngoa\u0323i tr\u01b0\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng radio k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t s\u00f4\u0301. Ti\u00ea\u0301ng \u00f4\u0300n, c\u00e2\u0301u ta\u0323o pho\u0300ng – h\u1ecd\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng cu\u0303ng a\u0309nh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng ti\u00ea\u0301p nh\u1ea1\u0302n tho\u0302ng \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302p. Nh\u01b0\u0303ng ra\u0300o ca\u0309n na\u0300y co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 kh\u0103\u0301c phu\u0323c n\u00ea\u0301u co\u0301 s\u01b0\u0323 chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 ho\u1ea1\u0306c \u0111\u00e2\u0300u tu\u031b tho\u0309a \u0111a\u0301ng.<\/p>\n

– Trong qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng, ca\u0301c nha\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng c\u00e2\u0300n lu\u031bu y\u0301 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 ta\u0302m l\u00ed<\/span> – xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i,<\/b> vi\u0300 ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 na\u0300y ta\u0301c \u0111\u1ecd\u0302ng, chi ph\u00f4\u0301i r\u00e2\u0301t l\u01a1\u0301n \u0111\u00ea\u0301n na\u0306ng l\u01b0\u0323c va\u0300 hi\u1eb9\u0302u qua\u0309 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng.<\/p>\n

S\u01b0\u0323 hu\u031bng ph\u00e2\u0301n, cu\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng \u0111\u1ecd\u0302 cu\u0309a s\u01b0\u0323 chu\u0301 y\u0301, nhi\u1eb9\u0302t ti\u0300nh, tra\u0301ch nhi\u1eb9\u0302m va\u0300 ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng cu\u0309a s\u01b0\u0323 tham gia cu\u0300ng v\u01a1\u0301i ta\u0302m tra\u0323ng, ta\u0302m l\u00ed<\/span>… cu\u0309a co\u0302ng chu\u0301ng\/nho\u0301m \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng ti\u00ea\u0301p nh\u1ea1\u0302n tho\u0302ng \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302p, thu\u1ecd\u0302c ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng ta\u0302m l\u00ed<\/span> – xa\u0303 h\u1ecd\u0302i co\u0301 a\u0309nh hu\u031b\u01a1\u0309ng tr\u01b0\u0323c ti\u00ea\u0301p \u0111\u00ea\u0301n ch\u00e2\u0301t lu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Do \u0111o\u0301, nha\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng c\u00e2\u0300n c\u00f4\u0301 g\u0103\u0301ng la\u0300m chu\u0309 mo\u0302i tru\u031b\u01a1\u0300ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng. Tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c h\u00ea\u0301t, c\u00e2\u0300n t\u1ea1\u0302p trung chu\u00e2\u0309n bi\u0323 n\u1ecd\u0302i dung tho\u0302ng \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302p (t\u01b0\u0300 te\u0302n chi\u00ea\u0301n di\u0323ch truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng, tho\u0302ng \u0111i\u1eb9\u0302p,…) cho phu\u0300 h\u01a1\u0323p v\u01a1\u0301i nho\u0301m co\u0302ng chu\u0301ng \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng \u0111\u00ea\u0309 lo\u0302i ke\u0301o va\u0300 ki\u0301ch thi\u0301ch s\u01b0\u0323 chu\u0301 y\u0301, tham gia cu\u0309a nho\u0301m \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1\u0306t kha\u0301c, t\u1ea1\u0302n du\u0323ng mo\u0323i \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u1eb9\u0302n co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 \u0111\u00ea\u0309 thu hu\u0301t s\u01b0\u0323 tham gia cu\u0309a co\u0302ng chu\u0301ng\/nho\u0301m \u0111\u00f4\u0301i tu\u031b\u01a1\u0323ng truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng.<\/p>\n

– V\u00ea\u0300 nguye\u0302n t\u0103\u0301c k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t, <\/b>ca\u0301c h\u1eb9\u0302 th\u00f4\u0301ng k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t phi s\u00f4\u0301 (hay k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t tu\u031bo\u031bng t\u01b0\u0323 analog) s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng da\u0309i ca\u0301c gia\u0301 tri\u0323 lie\u0302n tu\u0323c \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u0111a\u0323i di\u1eb9\u0302n cho tho\u0302ng tin; co\u0300n k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t s\u00f4\u0301 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng ca\u0301c gia\u0301 tri\u0323 r\u01a1\u0300i ra\u0323c (kho\u0302ng lie\u0302n tu\u0323c) \u0111\u00ea\u0309 \u0111a\u0323i di\u1eb9\u0302n cho tho\u0302ng tin \u0111\u00e2\u0300u va\u0300o, x\u01b0\u0309 l\u00ed<\/span>, truy\u00ea\u0300n \u0111i, lu\u031bu tr\u01b0\u0303… Ca\u0301c ti\u0301n hi\u1eb9\u0302u s\u00f4\u0301 t\u00f4\u0300n ta\u0323i nhu\u031b ca\u0301c chu\u00f4\u0303i s\u00f4\u0301 theo th\u01a1\u0300i gian.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i ta go\u0323i la\u0300 s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng ca\u0301c bit (s\u00f4\u0301) “0” va\u0300 “1”. K\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t va\u0300 co\u0302ng ngh\u1eb9\u0302 s\u00f4\u0301 \u0111u\u031b\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng tru\u031b\u01a1\u0301c h\u00ea\u0301t va\u0300 r\u1ecd\u0302ng ra\u0303i trong truy\u00ea\u0300n th\u00f4\u0301ng; ngu\u031b\u01a1\u0300i ta go\u0323i la\u0300 k\u0129<\/span> thu\u1ea1\u0302t va\u0300 co\u0302ng ngh\u1eb9\u0302 tho\u0302ng tin – truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng s\u00f4\u0301. Co\u0301 pha\u0301t thanh s\u00f4\u0301, truy\u00ea\u0300n hi\u0300nh s\u00f4\u0301, ba\u0301o chi\u0301 \u0111a n\u00ea\u0300n ta\u0309ng va\u0300 truy\u00ea\u0300n tho\u0302ng \u0111a phu\u031bo\u031bng ti\u1eb9\u0302n, …<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: V\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, Trung t\u00e2m B\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0110\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u D\u00e2n c\u1eed)\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Media environment) l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 xung quanh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, bao g\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh: c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[422],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8474"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8474"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8474\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}