{"id":8531,"date":"2023-11-29T13:13:45","date_gmt":"2023-11-29T13:13:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tinh-than-khoi-nghiep-entrepreneurship-la-gi.html"},"modified":"2023-12-21T14:59:37","modified_gmt":"2023-12-21T07:59:37","slug":"tinh-than-khoi-nghiep-entrepreneurship-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/tinh-than-khoi-nghiep-entrepreneurship-la-gi.html","title":{"rendered":"Tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p (Entrepreneurship) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda (Ngu\u1ed3n: Thenewsmill)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/font><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/b><\/p>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/b>\u00a0trong ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Entrepreneurship.<\/b><\/p>\n

Tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/b> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. (Theo Howard Stevenson – Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Harvard Business School- HBS)<\/i><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 XVII v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kinh doanh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf tin r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u00f2n bao tr\u00f9m nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf, doanh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu r\u1ee7i ro trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kinh doanh m\u1edbi n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a doanh nh\u00e2n, coi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u01b0a s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng doanh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung \u1ee9ng.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Joseph Schumpeter (1853-1950) quan t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Schumpeter xem tinh th\u1ea7n\u00a0<\/span>kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn “S\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t mang t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o”.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh “nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi”, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169 tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kinh doanh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u01b0a c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Chuy\u00ean gia Peter Drucker (1909-2005) ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 doanh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3.\u00a0<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng tin – t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng Internet – \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t cho \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/font><\/h3>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p trong m\u1ecdi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u1ede c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf\u00a0th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a\u00a0T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Kinh t\u1ebf\u00a0(OECD) n\u0103m 2003 cho r\u1eb1ng:\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf\u201d.\u00a0<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eb1m c\u1ed5 v\u0169 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n kinh doanh m\u1edbi. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c thi quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh.\u00a0<\/p>\n

V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng cao l\u1eafm.\u00a0<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng coi tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cao trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch coi tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o: Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kinh doanh –\u00a0<\/i>Principles of Entrepreneurship, Jeanne Holden, \u1ea4n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng tin Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Hoa K\u1ef3, th\u00e1ng 11\/2007)<\/i><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\n Tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p (ti\u1ebfng Anh: Entrepreneurship) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.\n <\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[423],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8531\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/masterskills.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}